MALI HAS JUST CANCELLED THE 11 COLONIAL AGREEMENTS IMPOSED ON AFRICAN COUNTRIES SINCE 1960.

BREAKING OF THE COLONIAL AGREEMENTS WITH FRANCE.
After independence, 14 French-speaking countries signed 11 agreements with France which are as follows :

AGREEMENT n⁰1:

THE COLONIAL DEBT TO REPAY THE BENEFITS OF COLONIZATION.

That is to say that the newly independent states must reimburse the cost of the infrastructures built by France during the colonization.

AGREEMENT N⁰ 2 :

THE AUTOMATIC CONFISCATION OF NATIONAL FINANCIAL RESERVES.

That is to say that African countries must deposit their financial reserves with the Banque de France. Thus, France has been "guarding" the financial reserves of fourteen African countries since 1961: Benin, Burkina Faso, Guinea Bissau, Ivory Coast, Mali, Niger, Senegal, Togo, Cameroon, the Central African Republic, Chad, Congo-Brazzaville, Equatorial Guinea and Gabon.

Thus, the governance of monetary policies remains asynchronous and incomplete due to the fact that it is managed directly by the French government, without any link with the financial authorities of countries such as ECOWAS or CEMAC.

Thus, due to the conditions that bind the banks of the 14 countries of the CFA economic and financial zones, they are obliged to keep 65% of their foreign exchange reserves in an operations account maintained by the French Treasury, as well as an additional 20% in order to cover "financial risks".

In addition, the banks of the CFA zones impose a credit limit on each member country, equivalent to 20% of state revenues in the current budget year, although the BEAC or the BCEAO have higher withdrawal possibilities from the French Treasury. These withdrawals must first be the subject of the agreement of the French Treasury.
The final decision therefore rests with the French Treasury, which has itself invested the reserves of African countries on the Paris stock exchange.

In other words, 85% of African financial reserves are deposited in an operation account controlled by the French administration.

The two banks in the CFA zone are African by their names, but do not decide any of the monetary policies by themselves.
The worst thing is that the countries themselves do not even know how much of their financial reserves are due to them.

AGREEMENT n⁰3 :

THE RIGHT OF FIRST REFUSAL ON ANY RAW OR NATURAL RESOURCE DISCOVERED IN THE COUNTRY.

AGREEMENT n⁰4 :

PRIORITY TO FRENCH INTERESTS AND COMPANIES IN PUBLIC PROCUREMENT AND PUBLIC TENDERS.


AGREEMENT n⁰5 :

EXCLUSIVE RIGHT TO PROVIDE MILITARY EQUIPMENT AND TRAIN MILITARY OFFICERS OF THE COLONIES.

AGREEMENT n⁰6 :

THE RIGHT FOR FRANCE TO DEPLOY TROOPS AND INTERVENE MILITARILY IN THE COUNTRY TO DEFEND ITS INTERESTS.

AGREEMENT n⁰7 :

THE OBLIGATION TO MAKE FRENCH THE OFFICIAL LANGUAGE OF THE COUNTRY AND THE LANGUAGE FOR EDUCATION.